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The message contained in this publication is clear: countries need a public health system that can respond to the deliberate release of chemical and biological agents. Regrettable though this message may be, the use of poison gas in the war betwe ... more
This course describes the health effects of war, weapons and strategies of violent conflict. Beginning with weapons of mass destruction it then moves on to other ... more
The use of explosive weapons, such as bombs, rockets, and mortar and artillery shells, in cities, towns and villages and in other populated areas has devastating humanitarian consequences. Explosive ... more
Reducing the humanitarian impact of the use of explosive weapons in populated areas is a key priority for the United Nations, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), civil society and an increasing number of Member States. The Unite ... more
The intent of these guidelines is to develop a holistic, coordinated, proactive and technology driven strategy for management of biological disasters through a culture of prevention, mitigation and preparedness to generate a prompt and effectiv ... more
The risks of the use of nuclear, radiological, biological or chemical (NRBC) weapons are heterogeneous. Each risk has its own implications for developing and deploying any capacity to assist victims ... more
In this paper, we review the most significant health and environmental facts and explain why — from a medical perspective — a proper understanding of what nuclear weapons will do invalidates all arguments for continued possession of t ... more
The potential for terrorist use of chemical agents is a noted concern highlighted by the Tokyo sarin gas attacks of 1995. The events of September 11, 2001, increased congressional attention towards reducing the vulnerability of the United States to such unconventional attacks. The possibility that ... more
This document provides information for WHO Member States, particularly low-income and middle-income countries, to strengthen preparedness and response plans with regard to the social and mental health consequences of biological and chemical attacks. ... more
This Guide contains information, guidelines, diagrams and other materials addressed to medical practitioners who are engaged in the treatment of casualties of chemical weapons. It is made available to the public for information purposes, but is not ... more
The GHS Index is intended to be a key resource in the face of increasing risks of high-consequence and globally catastrophic biological events and in light of major gaps in international financing for preparedness. These risks are magnified by a rap ... more
For biological agents, the publication covers 11 bacteria, fungi and viruses listed by states parties to the Biological Weapons Convention in dec ... more
States, the United Nations and civil society organisations continue to raise concerns about the humanitarian impact caused by the use of explosive weapons in populated areas (EWIPA). This issue is currently being examined from political, legal, soci ... more
The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) Biosafety and Biosecurity Initiative was launched by the Africa CDC in April 2019 with the aim of strengthening the African Union (AU) Member States’ biosafety and biosecurity systems and enabling them to comply with national and i ... more
Mounting an effective international humanitarian response to a chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) event, especially if the response is undertaken on an ad hoc basis, would be extremely difficult and would pose many risks to the res ... more
April 2019
A fact sheet from the National Academies and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on human pathogens, biotoxins and agricultural threats
"National Disaster Management Guidelines: Management of Chemical (Terrorism) Disasters (are intended to focus on all aspects of the disaster management cycle, including prevention measures such as surveillance and intelligence, mitigation of direct and indirect risks, preparedness in terms of ... more