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OCHA Policy Brief on Gendered Drivers, Risks and Impacts of Food Insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2023) CC

It is widely understood that the food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is one of the world’s fastest growing and most neglected crises. It lacks sufficient global focus, resources and urgency. As in so many crises, women and g ... irls are disproportionately affected and shoulder the consequences of protracted neglect, with unconscionable impacts on their safety, life chances and agency. Gaining a holistic view of the gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is difficult. This is due to a lack of data and prioritization, and the large geographical and socioeconomic terrain covered by both regions. However, what we do know about this crisis is more than enough to urgently address the needs of women and girls. An OCHA discussion paper on this topic (which will be published imminently, and from which this policy brief is drawn) found that there is: A strong risk of profound regression in gender equality gains made to date in the countries of concern, including on education, sexual and reproductive health, and the economic independence of women and girls (with knock-on effects on broader humanitarian and development outcomes). An increasing challenge to reverse what must be recognized as a protracted and growing gender-based violence (GBV) emergency in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa. The food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is protracted, multidimensional and highly gendered, with spiralling impacts on gender equality and food security outcomes. It is driven by interwoven and overlapping factors, including climate change, political instability, conflict, socioeconomic conditions, migration and displacement and, more recently, COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine. Interlinked with these factors are gendered structural drivers of food insecurity, including deeply entrenched gender inequalities and harmful social norms. Gendered risks and impacts of food insecurity include alarming limitations on access to education, sexual and reproductive health rights, women’s agency and participation, and dramatic increases in different existing forms of GBV and the emergence of new ones. Recognition of such gendered dimensions of food insecurity and of the need for a multisectoral approach in the response is key to addressing the crisis, along-side sustained commitment and adequate allocation of resources. This policy brief draws out key findings from the OCHA discussion paper on this topic, which includes a desk review of studies, assessments and reports, and interviews with local women’s organizations on the front lines of the food insecurity crisis in communities across both regions. Below are the most pressing gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity (not in order of priority), as well as key gaps in the current humanitarian response to food insecurity, and recommendations to take forward. more

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Sahel Crisis 2020: Responding to the urgent needs of refugees, internally displaced, returnees and others of concern (June 2020)

UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR (2020) CC

he central Sahel region—Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger—is facing a severe humanitarian and protection crisis. Massive displacement, most of it driven by intense and largely indiscriminate violence perpetrated by a range of armed actors against ci ... more

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Aperçu des besoins humanitaires et financiers. Crise du Sahel

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA (2021) C1

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Plan de réponse humanitaire 2015 : Burkina Faso

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2015)

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Sahel et Afrique de l’Ouest: Mise à jour sur la sécurité alimentaire - avril 2015

Famine Early Warning System Network (2015)

Rapport Final SMART Rapide Enquête nutritionnelle anthropométrique Commune de Dori, province du Séno, Région du Sahel, Burkina Faso 13 au 15 Juin 2022

Ministère de la santé Burkina Faso (2022) C2

L’enquête a été réalisée dans la Commune de Dori, chef-lieu de la province du Seno dans la Région du Sahel. Suite à la crise sécuritaire qui prévaut au Burkina Faso depuis 2016, la commune de Dori a enregistré 66 7981 personnes déplacé ... more

Achieving Regional Integration: The key to success for the fight against hunger in West Africa

Frederic Mousseau ACF International Network and the Oakland Institute (2011)

Zero Hunger Phase 3

West and Central Africa - A Region on the Move: Mobility Trends in West and Central Africa (January – December 2021)

International Organization for Migration IOM (2022) CC

The second edition of the “A Region on the Move” report provides an overview of population movement trends in West and Central Africa in 2021. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of mobility in the region and showcase the versatility, multidimensionality and nuances of regional mobility ... more

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UNICEF Annual Report 2017 - Burkina Faso

Unicef (2017) C_UNICEF

UNICEF Annual Report 2017 - Burkina Faso - Healthcare policy for children - Food insecurity - Community health strategy - National child protection system etc.

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Burkina Faso Plan de Réponse Humanitaire 2020 révisé

OCHA (2020) CC

Au cours des derniers mois, la situation sécuritaire et humanitaire s'est rapidement détériorée dans les régions du Nord, du CentreNord, du Sahel, de la Boucle du Mouhoun et de l’Est du Burkina Faso. Cette dégradation a entraîné un accrois ... more

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What near-term climate impacts should worry us most?

Quiggin D., et al. Environment and Society Programme (2021) C2

What near-term climate impacts should worry us most? Supporting the most exposed and vulnerable societies to reduce regional and global climate risks

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World Humanitarian Data and Trends 2018

OCHA Health Affairs (2018) C2

World Humanitarian Data and Trends presents global- and country-level data-and-trend analysis about humanitarian crises and assistance. Its purpose is to consolidate this information and present it in an accessible way, providing policymakers, researchers and humanitarian practitioners with an evid ... more

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Cadre Harmonisé for identification of areas and populations in food insecurity in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone

Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (2015)

- Regional analysis of acute food insecurity: Current situation (February-March 2015)

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West Africa Desert Locust Crisis Appeal (May–December 2020)

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; reliefweb (2020) C2

Recent forecasts by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) have indicated a risk of locust invasion in West Africa from June 2020. From East Africa, some swarms could reach the eastern part of the Sahel and continue westwa ... more

West and Central Africa: Humanitarian Bulletin, March 2015

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2015)

USD$ 28 million allocated from UN Central Emergency Fund to assist people affected by Boko Haram’s insurgency. Boko Haram, insecurity exert misery in Cameroon’s Far North Region. Millions of people in Ebola-affected countries risk serious food shortages during the June-August lean ... more

Rapport d'évaluation des capacités nationales pour la réduction des risques, la préparation et la réponse aux urgences au Burkina Faso

Ministère de la Santé, Burkina Faso (2015) C2

Le Burkina Faso est un pays sahélien sans littoral d’une superficie de 274 000 km2 et une population estimée à 17,4 millions d’habitants en 2013 avec une croissance démographique de 3,1%. C’est l’un des pays les plus pauvres du monde avec un Produit intérieur brut par tête de 684 US ... more

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Review of forest and landscape restoration in Africa 2021

Food and Agricultur Organization of the United Nations FAO and NEPAD (2021) C2

English Analysis on World about Agriculture, Climate Change and Environment and more; published on 29 Sep 2021 by FAO and NEPAD

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Inégalités d’accès l’éducation des enfants et leurs déterminants au Burkina Faso

Baya B., A. SanaCongo, B. Bere Unité-Progrès-Justice - Institut national de la statistique et de la démographie - Burkina Faso (2015) C2

Cet article met en évidence les déterminants du statut de scolarisation des enfants (non scolarisation et de la déscolarisation) de 6-16 ans au Burkina Faso à partir des données de l’Enquête multisectorielle continue sur les conditions de vies des ménages réalisée en 2014 (EMC, 2014). Tou ... more

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Bulletin n°14 du Cluster Santé - Février 2021

Health Cluster (2021) C_WHO

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Rapport d'activités 2022 de l'OMS Niger : principaux résultats de l’OMS atteints en étroite collaboration avec le Gouvernement, les partenaires et d'autres acteurs. Rapport d'activités 2022 de l'OMS

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2022) C_WHO

Ce rapport présente les principaux résultats de l’OMS atteints en 2022 au Niger en étroite collaboration avec le Gouvernement du Niger, les partenaires et d’autres acteurs, dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du 13e PGT, et dont quatre piliers ont guidé les interventions de l’OMS, à savoir ... more