Level of stunting among Bangladeshi children <5years declined from 51% in 2004 to 36% and underweight from 41% in 2007 to 33% (BDHS 2014). But the decrease in wasting rate is not as expected, which is only from 17% to 14.3 % over last decade. Approx...imately 3.1 % (BDHS 2014) of under-5 children suffering from SAM only by weight-for-length or height z-score (WHZ) <-3 criterion and estimated to be a total of ~ 450,000. Because, there are no national information on prevalence of SAM using mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and presence of bipedal oedema in under-5 children, thus the actual number of children suffering from SAM could be much higher than the current estimate.
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The study collected data on the impact of HIV-related diseases on income, revenues, economic dependency, consumption, education, health, food security, stigma, discrimination, quality of life, and m...igration. The study also assessed people living with chronic diseases in order to compare the impact of living with HIV/AIDS with the impact of living with a chronic disease.
Stigma, discrimination, and socio-economic exclusion continue to affect the rights and socio-economic opportunities of people living with HIV in Myanmar. Households with a family member who has HIV, have lower incomes, fewer assets and lower home-ownership, compared to households that are not affected by HIV. They also have more household debt, and their families pay a higher rate of interest compared to families not affected by HIV.
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A WHO guide to inform & harmonize national & international pandemic preparedness and response
The main updates from the 2013 interim guidance are:
Alignment with other relevant United Nations... policies for crisis and emergency management, and
Inclusion of the significant development in recent years of the strategies for pandemic vaccine response during the start of a pandemic.
The guide is available in English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Spanish and Russian
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A policy brief highlighting key factors associated with adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancy undermines girls’ human rights and reduces opp...ortunities to realize their full potential.
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This document provides information and recommendations for action, based on the current available knowledge around monkeypox. It is a first draft which will be updated in light of evolving evidence ...and additional information as they become available.
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This manual for trainers outlines the information and materials required to undertake training in line with the WASH FIT Guide, including background documents, the content of the recommended trainin...g modules and training evaluation approaches. The modular approach outlined enables trainers to decide on all topics that are most useful to support the delivery of targeted training at the local level. It also provides sample training schedules, evaluation forms and is linked to a full set of interactive, adult-learning focused, training slides.
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Overuse and misuse of antibiotics in animals and humans is contributing to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. Some types of bacteri...a that cause serious infections in humans have already developed resistance to most or all of the available treatments, and there are very few promising options in the research pipeline
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The recommendations in this guideline are intended to inform development of national and subnational health policies, clinical protocols ...s="attribute-to-highlight medbox">and programmatic guides. The target audience includes national and subnational public health policy-makers, implementers and managers of maternal, newborn and child health programmes, health-care facility managers, supervisors/instructors for in-service training, health workers (including midwives, auxiliary nurse-midwives, nurses, paediatricians, neonatologists, general medical practitioners and community health workers), nongovernmental organizations, professional societies involved in the planning and management of maternal, newborn and child health services, academic staff involved in research and in the pre-service education and training of health workers, and those involved in the education of parents.
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This regional report on the situation of tuberculosis (TB) in the Americas contains information from 2019, provided by the countries of the Region through the World Health Organization TB data colle...ction system. These data have been consolidated and analyzed at the regional level. In addition to presenting the epidemiological and programmatic situation of TB in the Americas, the report aims to raise awareness and to motivate and encourage all stakeholders in the prevention and control of this disease, to accelerate efforts towards TB elimination in the Region, and to achieve the targets of the End TB Strategy. The report records the Region's achievements, but also the gaps in the work being carried out in diagnosis, treatment, comorbidities, vulnerable populations, risk factors, and funding, among other issues. Based on the information presented, specific recommendations are provided for further progress.
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This protocol provides information on the safe management of dead bodies and burial of patients who died from suspected or confirmed Ebola virus disease.
These measures should be applied not only ...by medical personnel but by anyone involved in the management of dead bodies and burial of suspected or confirmed Ebola patients.
Twelve steps have been identified describing the different phases Burial Teams have to follow to ensure safe burials, starting from the moment the teams arrive in the village up to their return to the hospital or team headquarters after burial and disinfection procedures
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Module 2
Community Educators and Advocates
July 2017
Module 2: Community educators and advocates. Community educators and advocates are need...ed to increase awareness about PrEP in their communities. This module provides information on PrEP that should be considered in community-led activities that aim to increase knowledge about PrEP and generate demand and access.
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Working document from an informal consultation of experts. A Protocol for risk assessment at the field level. The purpose of document is to provide guidance on the methodology to be used for assessing, at field level, the yellow fever virus circula...tion in areas at risk, and is primarily intended for public health specialists
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Energy use in the home is a vital and ubiquitous feature of human society. Energy
is used for a wide variety of purposes, including cooking, space heating, light-
ing, small-scale income generatio...n, various household tasks, and entertainment.
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This guide presents information about the 2030 Agenda, how it connects to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD) ...x">and explores ways for persons with disabilities to be influential and participate in how they are achieved.
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The recommendations in this guideline are intended to inform the development of relevant national- and local-level health policies ...ribute-to-highlight medbox">and clinical protocols. Therefore, the target audience includes national and local public health policy-makers, implementers and managers of maternal and child health programmes, health care facility managers, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), professional societies involved in the planning and management of maternal and child health services, health care professionals (including nurses, midwives, general medical practitioners and obstetricians) and academic staff involved in training health care professionals.
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9 September 2020
In a snapshot, fair allocation of vaccines will occur in the following way:
An initial proportional allocation of doses to countries until all countries reach enough quantities to cover 20% of their population
This document is also available in Arabic | Chinese | French | R...ussian | Spanish | Portuguese
A follow-up phase to expand coverage to other populations. If severe supply constraints persist, a weighted allocation approach would be adopted, taking account of a country’s COVID threat and vulnerability.
The document is a final working document and may be adjusted in the future as new information about the vaccines and the epidemiology of COVID-19 becomes available.
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Module 12:
Adolescents and young adults
July 2018
Module 12: Adolescents and young adults. This module is for people who are interested in providing PrEP services to older adolescents ...class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">and young adults who are at substantial risk for HIV. It provides information on: factors that influence HIV susceptibility among young people; clinical considerations for safety and continuation on PrEP; ways to improve access and service utilization; and inclusive monitoring approaches to improve the recording and reporting of data on young people.
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WHO would like to express its gratitude and appreciation to all Member States that provided information to the WHO survey on policies and activitie...s at the national level in the area of antimicrobial resistance. The contribution of staff in WHO Regional and Country Offices has been invaluable: in gather-ing original data and information from Member States, in supporting the process of aggregation of these data; and in reviewing the regional analysis of the findings that reflect the country situation at the point when the survey was conducted. The support and commitment of the members of the WHO Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance, comprising WHO staff from Headquarters and Regional Offices has, is also acknowledged.
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This publication provides information for identifying, classifying, marking, labelling, packaging, documenting and refrigerating infectious substances for transportation ...ghlight medbox">and ensuring their safe delivery.
The document provides practical guidance to facilitate compliance with applicable international regulations for the transport of infectious substances by all modes of transport, both nationally and internationally, and include the changes
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The Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act
Confidentiality: providing and protecting information
• ...edbox">Health care practitioners hold information about patients that is private and sensitive.
• The National Health Act (Act No. 61 of 2003) provides that this information must not be given to others, unless the patient consents or the health care practitioner can justify the disclosure.
• Practitioners are responsible for ensuring that clerks, receptionists and other staff respect confidentiality in their performance of their duties.
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